{"id":24370,"date":"2018-06-27T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2018-06-26T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\/dev-en\/antiek\/uncategorized\/exotic-birds-diderot-et-dalembert-1751-1777\/"},"modified":"2025-12-18T13:09:04","modified_gmt":"2025-12-18T12:09:04","slug":"exotic-birds-diderot-et-dalembert-1751-1777","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\/en\/antiques\/sold\/exotic-birds-diderot-et-dalembert-1751-1777\/","title":{"rendered":"Exotic birds &#8211; Diderot et d&#8217;Alembert &#8211; 1751-1777"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Exotic Birds from Diderot and d&#8217;Alembert&#8217;s Encyclop\u00e9die<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Copper engravings created by <strong>Robert Benard<\/strong>, based on designs by <strong>Fran\u00e7ois Nicolas Martinet<\/strong> from the renowned Diderot and d&#8217;Alembert Encyclopedia, &#8220;<em>Dictionnaire Raisonn\u00e9 des Sciences, des Arts et des M\u00e9tiers<\/em>&#8220;, published between <strong>1751-1777<\/strong>. Coloured by a later hand. Size: approx. 20,4 x 35 cm each.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fran%C3%A7ois-Nicolas_Martinet\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fran\u00e7ois Nicolas Martinet<\/a> (1731 &#8211; ca. 1790), trained as an engineer, illustrated birds for the most influential French ornithologists of the 18th century. Later in his career, he published his own ornithological works.<\/p>\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Encyclop%C3%A9die\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Encyclop\u00e9die<\/em><\/a> by Diderot and d&#8217;Alembert is not only considered an intellectual and artistic endeavor because of its scope (72,000 articles in 17 volumes plus 11 volumes with illustrations) but has also become a symbol of the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Age_of_Enlightenment\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Age of Enlightenment<\/a> in France in the 18th century. The compilation of a comprehensive encyclopedia had begun in the 17th century, and in 1747, Diderot and d&#8217;Alembert took over the editorial responsibilities of the continuously expanding work. However, the editors did not strictly adhere to the proposed content; instead of publishing a compendium of all knowledge, they used the <em>Encyclop\u00e9die<\/em> to slip subversive ideas between the articles. The publication was a great success, thanks to its factual entries. However, instead of the factual <em>Encyclop\u00e9die<\/em> that subscribers expected, they encountered polemical articles with attacks on religion and the state, leading to the banning of the publication in 1752. The <em>Encyclop\u00e9die<\/em> was seen as a seditious publication disguised as science. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jean_le_Rond_d%27Alembert\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">D&#8217;Alembert<\/a> left the editorial team, but <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Denis_Diderot\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Denis Diderot<\/a> managed to complete the <em>Encyclop\u00e9die<\/em> in 1765 with the help of a royal censor.<\/p>\n<p>Price: SOLD<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Exotic Birds from Diderot and d&#8217;Alembert&#8217;s Encyclop\u00e9die Copper engravings created by Robert Benard, based on designs by Fran\u00e7ois Nicolas Martinet from the renowned Diderot and d&#8217;Alembert Encyclopedia, &#8220;Dictionnaire Raisonn\u00e9 des Sciences, des Arts et des M\u00e9tiers&#8220;, published between 1751-1777. Coloured by a later hand. Size: approx. 20,4 x 35 cm each. Fran\u00e7ois Nicolas Martinet (1731 [&#8230;]\n","protected":false},"featured_media":16526,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"product_brand":[],"product_cat":[1397],"product_tag":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-24370","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","4":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"artist-benard-robert-1734","7":"artist-martinet-francois-nicolas-1731-c-1790","8":"product_cat-sold","10":"first","11":"instock","12":"product-type-simple"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5-RC1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>original antique engraving old print exotic birds 18th century<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"original antique engraving old print exotic birds Diderot et d&#039;Alembert 18the century Age of Enlightenment Encyclop\u00e9die\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\/en\/antiques\/sold\/exotic-birds-diderot-et-dalembert-1751-1777\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"original antique engraving old print exotic birds 18th century\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"original antique engraving old print exotic birds Diderot et d&#039;Alembert 18the century Age of Enlightenment Encyclop\u00e9die\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\/en\/antiques\/sold\/exotic-birds-diderot-et-dalembert-1751-1777\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Inter Antiquariaat\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-12-18T12:09:04+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/Vogels-Histoire-Naturelle-naar-Martinet-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1279\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"597\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\\\/en\\\/antiques\\\/sold\\\/exotic-birds-diderot-et-dalembert-1751-1777\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\\\/en\\\/antiques\\\/sold\\\/exotic-birds-diderot-et-dalembert-1751-1777\\\/\",\"name\":\"original antique engraving old print exotic birds 18th century\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\\\/en\\\/antiques\\\/sold\\\/exotic-birds-diderot-et-dalembert-1751-1777\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\\\/en\\\/antiques\\\/sold\\\/exotic-birds-diderot-et-dalembert-1751-1777\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/5\\\/Vogels-Histoire-Naturelle-naar-Martinet-1.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2018-06-26T22:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-12-18T12:09:04+00:00\",\"description\":\"original antique engraving old print exotic birds Diderot et d'Alembert 18the century Age of Enlightenment Encyclop\u00e9die\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\\\/en\\\/antiques\\\/sold\\\/exotic-birds-diderot-et-dalembert-1751-1777\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\\\/en\\\/antiques\\\/sold\\\/exotic-birds-diderot-et-dalembert-1751-1777\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\\\/en\\\/antiques\\\/sold\\\/exotic-birds-diderot-et-dalembert-1751-1777\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/5\\\/Vogels-Histoire-Naturelle-naar-Martinet-1.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/5\\\/Vogels-Histoire-Naturelle-naar-Martinet-1.jpg\",\"width\":1279,\"height\":597},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\\\/en\\\/antiques\\\/sold\\\/exotic-birds-diderot-et-dalembert-1751-1777\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\\\/en\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Antique maps, prints and drawings\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\\\/en\\\/antique-maps-prints-and-drawings\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Exotic birds &#8211; Diderot et d&#8217;Alembert &#8211; 1751-1777\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\\\/en\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\\\/en\\\/\",\"name\":\"Inter Antiquariaat\",\"description\":\"Antique maps, prints and drawings\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\\\/en\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"original antique engraving old print exotic birds 18th century","description":"original antique engraving old print exotic birds Diderot et d'Alembert 18the century Age of Enlightenment Encyclop\u00e9die","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\/en\/antiques\/sold\/exotic-birds-diderot-et-dalembert-1751-1777\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"original antique engraving old print exotic birds 18th century","og_description":"original antique engraving old print exotic birds Diderot et d'Alembert 18the century Age of Enlightenment Encyclop\u00e9die","og_url":"https:\/\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\/en\/antiques\/sold\/exotic-birds-diderot-et-dalembert-1751-1777\/","og_site_name":"Inter Antiquariaat","article_modified_time":"2025-12-18T12:09:04+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1279,"height":597,"url":"https:\/\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/Vogels-Histoire-Naturelle-naar-Martinet-1.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\/en\/antiques\/sold\/exotic-birds-diderot-et-dalembert-1751-1777\/","url":"https:\/\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\/en\/antiques\/sold\/exotic-birds-diderot-et-dalembert-1751-1777\/","name":"original antique engraving old print exotic birds 18th century","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\/en\/antiques\/sold\/exotic-birds-diderot-et-dalembert-1751-1777\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\/en\/antiques\/sold\/exotic-birds-diderot-et-dalembert-1751-1777\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/Vogels-Histoire-Naturelle-naar-Martinet-1.jpg","datePublished":"2018-06-26T22:00:00+00:00","dateModified":"2025-12-18T12:09:04+00:00","description":"original antique engraving old print exotic birds Diderot et d'Alembert 18the century Age of Enlightenment Encyclop\u00e9die","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\/en\/antiques\/sold\/exotic-birds-diderot-et-dalembert-1751-1777\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\/en\/antiques\/sold\/exotic-birds-diderot-et-dalembert-1751-1777\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\/en\/antiques\/sold\/exotic-birds-diderot-et-dalembert-1751-1777\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/Vogels-Histoire-Naturelle-naar-Martinet-1.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/Vogels-Histoire-Naturelle-naar-Martinet-1.jpg","width":1279,"height":597},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\/en\/antiques\/sold\/exotic-birds-diderot-et-dalembert-1751-1777\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Antique maps, prints and drawings","item":"https:\/\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\/en\/antique-maps-prints-and-drawings\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Exotic birds &#8211; Diderot et d&#8217;Alembert &#8211; 1751-1777"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\/en\/","name":"Inter Antiquariaat","description":"Antique maps, prints and drawings","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/24370","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24370"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16526"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24370"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_brand","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_brand?post=24370"},{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=24370"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inter-antiquariaat.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=24370"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}